> >Sorry this has very little to do with the topic of the thread. > >-- Lawrence Lile Not at all, it's an important distinction. What you create is a mesh of impedances. More of the current will follow the lowest impedance path. If you do your layout sloppily, then you end up with a pretty much random distribution, which results in symptoms like "when I plug in the sheilded cable, the noise gets WORSE!". Very frustrating and confusing until you see what's happening, then it's a screaming clue to the problem. Layout done right is like a proper sewer system, nearly all the S*** goes where you want it to, almost all the time. (Feel free to quote this.. :) -- http://www.piclist.com#nomail Going offline? Don't AutoReply us! email listserv@mitvma.mit.edu with SET PICList DIGEST in the body