> Thanks to all who responded. Rick, I'm not sure how your original suggestion (Collector to +, LED/RES to Emitter) answers the inversion question -- unless I'm not understanding. Seems that would just convert the circuit from a common emitter to a common collector circuit. I'll try it, of course. > You are right. But it may be what you want. The original common collector circuit inverts, and the common emitter one doesn't. However, if you are getting some flickering in cct 2 when the LED is mainly off, this means that the IC is not holding the transistor fully on. At the cost of one more component, you could add a resistor from V+ to either transistor base or IC output. You'd want to look at the IC data sheet to size the resistor and find best location OR you could play. I'd guess that a 10k from +5 to transistor base would make a difference. Whether it's enough is hard to tell with the data available. BTW - your 2nd circuit is a cunning one - its a perfectly legitimate but unusual approach to what you are trying to do. It's main drawback is that you draw current via the collector resistor at all times whether the LED is off or on. This may not be a major issue. If it is, then using a PNP and inverting the circuit, as Matthew suggested, would be an easy fix. This may still have problems with occasional unwanted on-flicker depending on what is really happening. Resistor as above should help. If the IC is in fact producing small output transients when there is no wanted input then you may have to either eliminate them (why are they happening?), or filter the inverter input (suitable cap from base to ground or possibly IC output to ground). If we knew the IR IC type we could make more accurate comments. If available, an oscilloscope on the IC output would be useful. Dangerous assertion: An oscilloscope is THE single most useful tool that an electrical engineer can have. Russell McMahon -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The list server can filter out subtopics (like ads or off topics) for you. See http://www.piclist.com/#topics