> Thank you for making clear for me this very important issue ! Haha, you had me wondering there for a minute. "Hmmm, what did Lucian see that I missed ?". Now, the tricky bit is when data from different sources suggest a choice of two or more pin-outs. The base is easy to find. Google for "testing transistors" eg http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/g_knott/elect56.htm A multimeter that can measure Hfe is very useful, as a transistor that may appear OK resistively may have low gain and not work properly. Although one of my meters doesn't guarantee against damage if the transistor is incorrectly orientated in the socket, so I don't use that one on unknowns -- http://www.piclist.com#nomail Going offline? Don't AutoReply us! email listserv@mitvma.mit.edu with SET PICList DIGEST in the body