Lucian is actually doing rather well with this. I generally find that I have to build a hobby design three times over before it works really well. The second time fixes all the backwards components from the first time, and adds a few needed features....... This is of course after carefully checking all the component pinouts before soldering anything. Dyslexia is a dreaded disease. -- Lawrence Lile Jinx Sent by: pic microcontroller discussion list 05/17/2004 06:30 PM Please respond to pic microcontroller discussion list To: PICLIST@MITVMA.MIT.EDU cc: Subject: Re: [EE]: Transistor Problem > I have managed to change all the 11 transistors and it proved that > they were CBE instead of EBC. From now on, I will measure every > transistor I solder to avoid the pain of getting them off and inverting > them Spehro said - "the BC547 has the Euro pinout, which is the reverse of the US pinout" I don't think I've ever encountered a BC54x (or many other common BC types, eg BC33x) that isn't CBE, looking at the face (label), and wasn't aware that there's a difference with US transistors. Spehro, did you mean that there's a US pinout for the BC range or were you talking about transistors in general ? Lucian, I notice that you've twice had to alter the orientation of components, and both times you've mentioned the nuisance of having to do that. Not trying to get in your face, really, but wouldn't it be sensible to do a test first and get one right before installing a lot of components back-to-front ? "There's never enough time to do it right, but there's always enough time to do it again" -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The list server can filter out subtopics (like ads or off topics) for you. See http://www.piclist.com/#topics -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The PICList is archived three different ways. See http://www.piclist.com/#archives for details.