How about this for a summary? Ohm's Law states a relationship between three interdependent variables: voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R). R depends on I and V, I depends on R and V, and V depends on I and R. The law does not express an equation in the sense that you can plug in two fixed values and get an answer. It is an iterative equation which converges to a steady state. In that steady state, you can measure the three quantities or derive the third after measuring any two. Is this a reasonable way to look at it? -- http://www.piclist.com hint: PICList Posts must start with ONE topic: [PIC]:,[SX]:,[AVR]: ->uP ONLY! [EE]:,[OT]: ->Other [BUY]:,[AD]: ->Ads