At 10:40 AM 3/13/2004 +1300, you wrote: >Regrettably a quick Google did not produce any references. Someone here >should be able to comment. Pease told me it's based on a technique first published by Tektronix in a (human) generation ago ('68?). The major inaccuracy is from the base spreading resistance parameter. I've only used it over "normal" temperature range (-40 - 125=B0C). One issue (other than complexity) with doing it that way is that the sensitivity for a 10:1 difference in current is reduced about an order of magnitude- to around 200 microvolts per Kelvin. NOTE: I'm not sure how well it works at very low temperatures- below 100 Kelvin the diode voltage does strange things. Thermocouples, OTOH, are interchangable as made (no calibration), but have even lower output (perhaps 7 microvolts per Kelvin) and require cold-junction compensation circuitry. Best regards, Spehro Pefhany --"it's the network..." "The Journey is the= reward" speff@interlog.com Info for manufacturers: http://www.trexon.com Embedded software/hardware/analog Info for designers: http://www.speff.com -- http://www.piclist.com hint: PICList Posts must start with ONE topic: [PIC]:,[SX]:,[AVR]: ->uP ONLY! [EE]:,[OT]: ->Other [BUY]:,[AD]: ->Ads