pic microcontroller discussion list wrote: > I want to interface to a Hi-Fi type Amplified, which has a regular > line level input. But I'm having great difficulty in finding out what > exactly "line" meaans. There's a lot of conflicting information out > there. There are several 'standards', but if you assume it will be around 0.75Vrms maximum, you'll be in the right region. > Second question, derived from the first... Given an astable 555 > outputting about 1.3 KHz, close to 50% DC, and 0-5v Pk2Pk, how can I > convert this to "line level" ? I'd probably start with a series capacitor (0.1uF or so) then a 2K2 : 2K2 potential divider off that output. Look at the resulting level (which will no longer be a square wave, but should have no DC offset), and tweak to suit. Note that most amplifiers around will be AC coupled anyway, so a potential divider on it's own should be OK. However, connect it to the input of a Crown D150 or the like, and watch your speakers burn :-) Nigel -- Nigel Orr, Design Engineer nigel@axoninstruments.co.uk Axon Instruments Ltd., Wardes Road,Inverurie,Aberdeenshire,UK,AB51 3TT Tel:+44 1467 622332 Fax:+44 1467 625235 http://www.axoninstruments.co.uk -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The list server can filter out subtopics (like ads or off topics) for you. See http://www.piclist.com/#topics