source= http://www.piclist.com/piclist/2003/10/24/192313a.txt? Bob Blick says: "The real damage comes from ground voltage differences. If your PC is not grounded (like if the third prong is missing from the equation somewhere) then the PC will be 60 volts AC away from ground, and that is where there can be some issues." Any suggestions on protecting against that sort of thing? Fuse the ground connection between the PC and device? "...Of course, there is EMI compliance. Do you need to look at that?..." No, thank goodness. Just looking (as you suggest) to do the minimum and hope to stop 90% of the standard junk that happens. Thanks for the feedback... I'd actually just really like to know why I have the series diode going one way and Tomi has it going the other way... http://www.piclist.com/piclist/2003/10/24/174008a --- James Newton: PICList.com webmaster, former Admin #3 mailto:jamesnewton@piclist.com 1-619-652-0593 phone http://www.piclist.com/member/JMN-EFP-786 PIC/PICList FAQ: http://www.piclist.com -- http://www.piclist.com hint: PICList Posts must start with ONE topic: [PIC]:,[SX]:,[AVR]: ->uP ONLY! [EE]:,[OT]: ->Other [BUY]:,[AD]: ->Ads