Hello, I must apologize that logic because of this is not so silly. In Latin it is common to mark the plural with duplication. E. g. p. means page, pp. means pages. FYI. At least, I have always interpreted Vcc and Vdd such way and made no confusion (unless P and N type semiconductors are intermixed ;-) Regards, Imre On Tue, 9 Sep 2003, Bob Blick wrote: > Back before field effect transistors, we had Vcc. > > The "cc" stands for "common collector". > > Then some idiot who was in a position of power but didn't know what it > stood for just decided to double up when it was time to start naming other > supply voltages. > > So Vdd should really be Vcd, as in "common drain", but that's even stupider. > > Cheerful regards, > > Bob > > -- > http://www.piclist.com hint: PICList Posts must start with ONE topic: > [PIC]:,[SX]:,[AVR]: ->uP ONLY! [EE]:,[OT]: ->Other [BUY]:,[AD]: ->Ads > -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The list server can filter out subtopics (like ads or off topics) for you. See http://www.piclist.com/#topics