Using a capacitor substantially above its rated voltage will cause it to fail. Failure may be leakage, shorter lifetime, greater losses or catching fire or exploding. Actual results will depend on type of capacitor and application. Running an aluminium electrolytic capacitor SLIGHTLY above its rated value will usually not hurt it appreciably. More than say 10% is unwise and even that can cause major problems worst case. RM -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The list server can filter out subtopics (like ads or off topics) for you. See http://www.piclist.com/#topics