> I'd like to ask a couple of questions and I apologize if they are > "dumb" but I'm pretty weak with analog electronics. Can you explain > what is meant by a softer knee? The output will no instantly click from high to low as the input voltage drops. There will be a transition region around the input threshold where the output will be at intermediate levels. The size of the input voltage transition region is larger in this circuit than in the previous. > and is there a reason you used the > transistor you did or could I use a 2n3906 instead? Just about any small signal PNP transistor will do. The 2N4403 happens to be the PNP "jelly bean" transistor I keep around. ***************************************************************** Embed Inc, embedded system specialists in Littleton Massachusetts (978) 742-9014, http://www.embedinc.com -- http://www.piclist.com#nomail Going offline? Don't AutoReply us! email listserv@mitvma.mit.edu with SET PICList DIGEST in the body