I remember that alkaline cells had a high power density So far, non-rechargable batteries have a SIGNIFICANT power density advantage over any rechargable technology. It can be a bit tough to find "amp hour" ratings for primary batteries, but one source I found rates a typical AA alkalines at about 2.5AH, and a D at 13.5AH. compared to 2AH and 9AH for the best (expensive, new, lower voltage) NiMH cells. but at $xk a mission I would have thought that other alternatives would have been interesting. Either that or the price label of alkaline D cells normal humans can buy has the decimal point misplaced by about two orders of magnitude to the left. Of course they don't pay retail prices. Nor would they pay anything like "retail price" for other battery technology either. By the time you're putting together 1.35 MWH of battery (you said 90,0000 D-cells), I expect your per-mission price is "up there" regardless of technology. Using commercial cells as a base probably got them "battery packs" at a far lower cost than teh equivilent custom-designed battery, since it's just an assembly issue, instead of a design PLUS assembly issue... BillW -- http://www.piclist.com#nomail Going offline? Don't AutoReply us! email listserv@mitvma.mit.edu with SET PICList DIGEST in the body