> The one I bought came with a warning NOT to use > PWM under 2kHz, apparently that produces too much > thermal stress. Very low frequencies (like you > mentioned) may be ok and are used in some cheap > car fridges, but a slowly ramping PWM at higher > than 2kHz will give the longest life, possibly > run from a nicely filtered buck converter even > better still always providing DC to the device. So you need a 'hybrid' approach, with the real PWM at a very low frequency, and the edges of that PWM smoothed by a high frequency PWM? Does not sound to difficult, especially because the ramp-up time of the higher frequency PWM is not critical. Wouter van Ooijen -- ------------------------------------------- Van Ooijen Technische Informatica: www.voti.nl consultancy, development, PICmicro products -- http://www.piclist.com hint: To leave the PICList mailto:piclist-unsubscribe-request@mitvma.mit.edu