At 10:58 AM 1/24/03 -0800, you wrote: >Can an input of a PIC be connected directly to VDD to set a High level ? >What about other digital IC's such as 74HCXXX or FPGA's ? > >One of my guys here insists that input should be tied to VDD through a >resistor. Input-only can be tied to Vdd (except for old bipolar TTL parts). Otherwise (bidirectional microcontroller pins) best to use a series resistor. Same with ground. You can safely tie an open drain output I/O to ground, but other bi-di should be through an R. Best regards, Spehro Pefhany --"it's the network..." "The Journey is the reward" speff@interlog.com Info for manufacturers: http://www.trexon.com Embedded software/hardware/analog Info for designers: http://www.speff.com -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The PICList is archived three different ways. See http://www.piclist.com/#archives for details.