> If the PID cycled fast enough, couldn't you do that with one loop and DAC? Perhaps you could. The problem I was worrying about is that the force on the ball is highly dependent on its position due to the non-linear nature of magnetic fields. The PID constants that worked well at one point would probably not work well at a different point because of this. That's why I suggested providing a linear interface to force that the PID drives. That should allow one set of control contstants to work over the entire positional range of the ball. ***************************************************************** Embed Inc, embedded system specialists in Littleton Massachusetts (978) 742-9014, http://www.embedinc.com -- http://www.piclist.com hint: To leave the PICList mailto:piclist-unsubscribe-request@mitvma.mit.edu