Wagner Lipnharski wrote: > Dave Tweed wrote: > > A ripple counter is made of flip-flops that change state on the > > high-to-low transition of the clock. So, because of causality, a > > given stage has to go low before the stage that it drives can go > > high. As a result, you can never see a count that is "too high", even > > as a glitch; you'll only see glitch values that are too low. > > Therefore, this method of creating a programmable divider works just > > fine. > > If you observe the time diagram below, where each division output is > delayed a little bit, you will see that (in this particula example), the > 8th clock bit missis completely the F raise, and F should raise at the 8th > A bit. Well, yes, but in this example, you're clocking the counter far too fast, where "too fast" in this case means a clock period much shorter than the overall propogation delay of the part. A min-max timing analysis of the counter+gate combination would show that the output of the gate is *never* valid. -- Dave Tweed -- http://www.piclist.com hint: PICList Posts must start with ONE topic: [PIC]:,[SX]:,[AVR]: ->uP ONLY! [EE]:,[OT]: ->Other [BUY]:,[AD]: ->Ads