>The relay won't switch off slowly as such, what >happens is it drops out when it reaches about >4v, and won't pull in again until about 9v. >All that is required is a cap to slow any change >in the transistor because it is B-E and changes >there must happen slowly. Well I have not followed the discussion on this closely, but do not recall seeing this mentioned. My first thought on seeing the description of the symptoms is that the power supply has a lot of impedance in it, and when the relay tries to pull in the supply voltage drops to a point where there is not enough volts for the relay to hold in, and so drops out. this will create an oscillatory state, which IIRC was the original problem. If this is correct, then no capacitor anywhere but on the power supply (along with some heavier wires) is going to fix the situation. -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The PICList is archived three different ways. See http://www.piclist.com/#archives for details.