> goto $ + 1 > Basically, I am confused as to what the $ represents. Think of it as 'here', so 'goto $ + 1' means 'jump to the next instruction. The same effect as a nop, but a goto takes 2 instruction cycles instead of a nop just one, so it is a code-effective way to spend two cycles. Likewise 'call x' where x is a return (use an existing return) is a code-effective way to burn 4 cycles. Wouter van Ooijen -- ------------------------------------------- Van Ooijen Technische Informatica: www.voti.nl consultancy, development, PICmicro products -- http://www.piclist.com hint: To leave the PICList mailto:piclist-unsubscribe-request@mitvma.mit.edu