> Actually, a proper RS232 driver has a guaranteed minimum source impedence, > which would eliminate the need for the resistor. However, the resistor is > _very_ cheap insurance. But that referes to the RS232 side, and the transistor is on the other side! But (re my earlier response) why use a transistor at all? Wouter van Ooijen -- Van Ooijen Technische Informatica: http://www.voti.nl Jal compiler, Wisp programmer, WLoader bootloader, PICs kopen -- http://www.piclist.com hint: To leave the PICList mailto:piclist-unsubscribe-request@mitvma.mit.edu