When building PSU's (especially for audio/radio use) I always place 4 x = 0.1uf caps across the each of the rectifier diodes in the bridge. Open up a good quality audio amp and have a look - there usually there = especially if it has a radio tuner input. The switching action of the diodes modulates any RF present in the mains = supply and can produce a 100Hz hum in certain conditions. Joe -----Original Message----- From: Tal Bejerano - AMC [mailto:kooter@ZAHAV.NET.IL] Sent: 23 June 2002 01:51 To: PICLIST@MITVMA.MIT.EDU Subject: [EE]: Hum problem Hi 2 All Attach a quick schematic that I draw to explain my problem. The problem is a hum I can't rid of. I try to increase the 1000uf capacitors with larger ones (4700uf) but no change, only the hum sound changed to lower. I try to increase the = output caps' from 100uf to 470uf but no change at all. what I can do more? maybe the bulky transformer that on the pcb can = cause this hum problem? if you think the component placement is important I can send the pcb picture/drawing (even I put it in the way that unregulated / unfiltered traces will not be near the audio circuit) I really need your help! Tal -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The PICList is archived three different ways. See http://www.piclist.com/#archives for details.