As a rule of thumb the radiator on a water cooled engine must get rid of 3 to 4 times more heat than the engine rating in kW, with the water in it at 90 degrees C or so and at an unspecified airflow. You can calculate the minimum required liquid flow by assuming that you cannot have the water boil in the circuit. The actual flow will be much higher. The outlet temperature is usually 60 to 70C. The ambient air can be taken to be 30C. All the temperature data depends on the actual engine. You can get the figures from the service book of the car. Peter PS: Remember the rule of thumb is very rough. -- http://www.piclist.com hint: To leave the PICList mailto:piclist-unsubscribe-request@mitvma.mit.edu