>Series cut .. Parallel cut - How does one figure out which applies to the >crystal in question. I just looked at EVERY crystal in Digikey, and NONE Every crystal will run in both modes, but..... as I understand it when the crystal is ground to frequency there are tweaks they can do to minimize the spurious responses in each mode, and what is best for parallel mode ain't necessarily best for series mode. It also affects things like the ESR in series mode, and similar parameters in parallel mode that may determine if it will oscillate in that mode unless you have a very determined oscillator circuit. This is apart from the slightly different frequency of operation between the two modes. For PIC use unless you are going for absolute frequency accuracy then you will not see the difference in frequency. >I guess the correct method is to use a CRYSTAL ball. I think this comes into the "see through a glass darkly" mode. -- http://www.piclist.com#nomail Going offline? Don't AutoReply us! email listserv@mitvma.mit.edu with SET PICList DIGEST in the body