> the *question* is in subject of this email. > are all those HV shockers can kill? > what is the maximum voltage that cant harm? > can it give an electric shock only from one ("hot") wire or must have both > HV ends? "hot" and "ground". I controlled tests (which obviously were not well enough controlled) 12 volts DC applied across the chest of a volunteer caused death. This would be exceptional but is obviously possible. DC and AC produce somewhat different results but the safe conclusion is that any HV shocker COULD cause death. YMMV. Russell McMahon -- http://www.piclist.com hint: To leave the PICList mailto:piclist-unsubscribe-request@mitvma.mit.edu