> > I've heard this called "inverted" or "negative" logic, although > > those terms > > are a bit vague. What does the "VE" stand for? Is that a standard term? > > > I believe it stands for "voltage relative to earth". TTYL Ah, that also explains why I haven't heard it before here in the US. This must be a UK term, because we use "ground" here instead of "earth". According to your definition, "-VE" to describe inverted logic in this context is actually a misuse of the term. Whether you consider +5V a logic one and 0V a logic zero or the other way around, both schemes still keep their voltage positive with respect to ground (earth). Is this true or is it that outsiders will just never understand all the nuances of "+VE" and "-VE" (kinda like the rules to cricket)? ***************************************************************** Embed Inc, embedded system specialists in Littleton Massachusetts (978) 742-9014, http://www.embedinc.com -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The list server can filter out subtopics (like ads or off topics) for you. See http://www.piclist.com/#topics