At 06:06 PM 2/28/02 -0500, you wrote: >Note: As good engineering practice, it is ALWAYS a good idea to put a >snubber diode across and inductive (relay) load to prevent the unwanted >transmission of spikes into the air and or circuit not just to prevent a >damaging inductive spike. It's more "conventional" than "good" design practice. If no thinking or analysis goes into it, it's not really engineering, and is sometimes not good practice. >This diode must be placed as close to the relay as >possible. Any lead length or circuit trace longer than an inch will always >radiate somewhere in the RF spectrum and may cause interference. Are there any other ways to control EMI? What layout parameter is more important than trace length in predicting EMI emissions or susceptibility? Best regards, Spehro Pefhany --"it's the network..." "The Journey is the reward" speff@interlog.com Info for manufacturers: http://www.trexon.com Embedded software/hardware/analog Info for designers: http://www.speff.com 9/11 United we Stand -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The PICList is archived three different ways. See http://www.piclist.com/#archives for details.