>sorry for my ignorance but what's an RA53? Yes, I've searched but found >no information. :) STC (the British telecomms company) used to make a family of thermistors, of which the RA53 was one often used in audio oscillators. The family were tiny thermistor beads about 1mm dia mounted in a glass envelope about 20mm long and about 10mm dia. I think the glass envelope was evacuated to minimise the thermal time constant. The RA53 was very nice in that its characteristics meant the oscillator had a 1V rms output level when used in a wein bridge oscillator, without any set-up problems. Very common device for this use back in the 60's. I had another thermistor of the same family which gave a different output voltage, and try as I might I could not change the voltage without a lot of effort. These devices had a very wide operating range. -- http://www.piclist.com hint: To leave the PICList mailto:piclist-unsubscribe-request@mitvma.mit.edu