> But if we are going complex, how about a bridge rectifier in series with the > lamp, and a FET or bipolar on the output of the bridge rectifier. That also has the advantage of allowing higher efficiency by allowing higher voltage. Instead of 12V, you can use 20-50V DC. Since the voltage drops across the diodes will be the same but a smaller fraction of the overall voltage, efficiency goes up. Of course you have to trust your code to always stay below a certain PWM on percentage, else poof! ******************************************************************** Olin Lathrop, embedded systems consultant in Littleton Massachusetts (978) 742-9014, olin@embedinc.com, http://www.embedinc.com -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The PICList is archived three different ways. See http://www.piclist.com/#archives for details.