At 09:59 AM 2/13/02 -0500, you wrote: >But there definitely are audio frequency "RF" transmitters, and these are >not "ill-designed products." For example, the U.S. Navy uses what most would >consider as "Audio Frequencies" in their equipment designed to communicate >with submerged submarines. Though efficiency is horrendous, the importance >of the task makes the inefficiencies acceptable. The ELF transmitters in northern Russia, Michigan and Wisconsin are almost *beneath* the audio range (< 100Hz!). Here's one take on it:- http://www.provcomm.net/pages/joe/introlf.htm "The "long wave" spectrums of frequencies are divided into three main grouping by convention. These are; LF (Low Frequencies) 535 to 150 kHz VLF (Very Low Frequencies) 150 kHz to 3 kHz ELF (Extremely Low Frequencies) 3 kHz to 300 cycles (approx.)" Best regards, Spehro Pefhany --"it's the network..." "The Journey is the reward" speff@interlog.com Info for manufacturers: http://www.trexon.com Embedded software/hardware/analog Info for designers: http://www.speff.com 9/11 United we Stand -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The PICList is archived three different ways. See http://www.piclist.com/#archives for details.