> I am just not too familiar with the open-collector open-drain etc concepts, > the explanation on piclist.com is also a bit cryptic (for me anyway :) Open drain or open collector outputs can actively pull down but not up. Another way of looking at this is that they can sink current when programmed low, but never source any. This is fine if you are connecting a load between power and the pin, like and LED and a resistor. ******************************************************************** Olin Lathrop, embedded systems consultant in Littleton Massachusetts (978) 742-9014, olin@embedinc.com, http://www.embedinc.com -- http://www.piclist.com hint: PICList Posts must start with ONE topic: [PIC]:,[SX]:,[AVR]: ->uP ONLY! [EE]:,[OT]: ->Other [BUY]:,[AD]: ->Ads