> But if you move the anode side, without moving the > cathode, the diode is no longer in reverse parallel > with the LED. For tat matter, it wouldn't be parallel > with the LED at all. Wouldn't that defeat the purpose > of putting it in the circuit? The diode is still reversed accross the LED with a resistor in between. With the diode directly accross the LED, the cap charges/discharges both ways thru the resistor. With the diode accross the resistor and LED instead of just the LED, the cap charges without the resistor on the negative slope. The cap current then goes thru the resistor and LED on the positive slope. This is a little more efficient because the current only goes thru the resistor once. ******************************************************************** Olin Lathrop, embedded systems consultant in Littleton Massachusetts (978) 742-9014, olin@embedinc.com, http://www.embedinc.com -- http://www.piclist.com#nomail Going offline? Don't AutoReply us! email listserv@mitvma.mit.edu with SET PICList DIGEST in the body