imho get the data sheet for a 8052 compatible device from Intel, Philips, Atmel (or your vendor) etc. and get used to the hardware, memory map, and to the addressing modes first. I think that 30% of the effort in 8051 assembly programming goes into shifting data tables and variables around so they map onto locations with desirable functions (like bit addressable etc), and 30% more go into making sure that the onboard peripherals cannot cause a race on some resource or interrupt processing time (they are slooow). After that, there are tons of books and websites with code snippets and the like. 8052.com is one of them. There are free and non-free simulators for Windows available. There are free and nonfree C compilers available too. good luck, Peter -- http://www.piclist.com#nomail Going offline? Don't AutoReply us! email listserv@mitvma.mit.edu with SET PICList DIGEST in the body