(retagged) | / |/ /-------- / excess \ lead |\ \-------- | \ > Your physics doesn't add up. If "all the energy" goes into the > excess lead, it will presumably be converted to kinetic energy > of that lead causing it to fly off. Alan's "shockless" certainly looks like an ultra-flush cutter. I've found mine to be a lot gentler than the dual bevel type, and cut-offs just drop away, rather than fly off. Could be something to do with the sharpness/hardness of the blade, but whatever, you don't get the impression of any force going back towards the PCB I don't know if this analogy holds water, but how about a shaped explosive charge or guillotining charge. This is also wedge- shaped like the above ASCII and directs all the explosive force into the beam or whatever's being cut without sending much energy the other way -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The PICList is archived three different ways. See http://www.piclist.com/#archives for details.