> I've wondered recently how much protection you can gain by "chaining" > 78xx regulators. For instance, for the "typical" 5V project from a 12V > car supply, you might use a 7509 regulator to get from 12 to 9V, and a 7805 > to get from 9 to 5V, or something similar. Also has the advantage of > spreading out your power dissipation. Similar tricks could be played with > multiple lm317 type regulators... I'm not sure how much extra "protection" this affords, although it would spread the power dissipation. A 50 or 100 volt spike will still fry something. Also, this scheme will increase the quiescent current, although that's not an issue if the device is off when the car is off. ******************************************************************** Olin Lathrop, embedded systems consultant in Littleton Massachusetts (978) 742-9014, olin@embedinc.com, http://www.embedinc.com -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The PICList is archived three different ways. See http://www.piclist.com/#archives for details.