My boss at that stage told us a situation one of his old lecturers had at that stage. He had given the class a simple project to design and build a preamplifier suitable for use with a dynamic microphone, specs to be 60dB s/n ratio with 1mV input, I forget the required gain. This is not an onerous specification, even then with suitable low noise transistors. I am not sure of the class size, but there were a handful who did about 10dB better than s/n spec, about 1/3 to half of the class reached spec, and the rest were hopeless, and not within the ballpark. I have a BSEE from a "F**cking prestigious" Ivy League University. The cirriculum was strong in math, physics, circuit analysis, solid state theory and (labwise) measurement of contrieved circuits. We didn't learn about building actual working circuits. We analyzed a 555 timer at the transistor level, but we didn't go further than the basic two circuits you can make with it. Assuming no other educational input beyond the BSEE requirements (including the 'liberal arts' requirements, but not necessarilly the "other science&Engineering" electives), I would have graduated with knowlege that would have equipped me to go to either grad school, or some large engineering company equipped to round out my education (ie Bell Labs, Hewlett Packard, etc.) I've worked at Stanford, and with PhDs from assorted places, and I've hired people with nothing more than high school diplomas. I've participated in the hiring of people for C coding positions that didn't know C (yet.) EVERYONE has apalling gaps in their knowlege. What matters is how well they'll be able to FILL those gaps that are likely to get in their way in the job they're being hired for. As a guess, people with advanced degrees will be better at filling theoretical holes, while people with large amounts of practical experience will be better at solving the practical problems that creep up. Things work best if you can get the accademics and the wizards to work together... BillW -- http://www.piclist.com hint: To leave the PICList mailto:piclist-unsubscribe-request@mitvma.mit.edu