>Please correct me if anyone knows more. In theory one can trace the hosts the message went through backwards through the header list. In practice, some internal relay domains will often appear in the list and those cannot be checked or reached from the outside (not even NS or reverse lookup). Plus some evil programs seem to forge more than one header. People who look through the list and go for its head may mistakenly send abuse complaints to hostmasters of hosts that never saw that message. You really need to build a list of IPs backwards through the header, checking each for name (is resolvable). Do not assume that the first or last found forgery is really the one you are looking for. Good luck. Peter -- http://www.piclist.com#nomail Going offline? Don't AutoReply us! email listserv@mitvma.mit.edu with SET PICList DIGEST in the body