I don't understand much about the theory behind a motor. All I am looking for is a typical PWM frequency of a regular R/C 4.5V DC motor. You want to limit (via the PWM) current through the windings that are making the motor turn. I suspect that this means you want you pwm frequency to be "much higher" than the expected RPM of the motor - otherwise you might end up doing something weird like pulsing current in only one direction (ie depending on the position of the brushes...) BillW -- http://www.piclist.com#nomail Going offline? Don't AutoReply us! email listserv@mitvma.mit.edu with SET PICList DIGEST in the body