>I prefer to use an op-amp circuit as shown to convert the >current into a voltage (1 volt per microamp using a 1 Megohm >feedback resistor). This arrangement forces the voltage across >the LED to be zero volts. One nice side effect of this is that >the response time of the LED receiver is greatly improved. It >also helps linearize the input/output characteristics of the >LED. I don't know why this isn't done more often. Some transducers output voltage (relative to input) and some output current. If you treat a current transducer like a voltage transducer, you will be sad. :) -- Where's dave? http://www.findu.com/cgi-bin/find.cgi?kc6ete-9 -- http://www.piclist.com hint: The PICList is archived three different ways. See http://www.piclist.com/#archives for details.