Myke, I have been referencing your book "Programming and Customizing the PIC Microcontroller" for the past year, and have found it to be a valuable reference. I have a question regarding the "PIC execution hints" section, page 295. You suggest: "When developing an application, put in the hardware required to allow in-circuit programming of the device. This can give you a significant board manufacturing cost reduction." Sage advice to say the least. Casually researching this topic, I have found suggestions to clip a connector to all pins of the in-circuit PIC to be programmed. This will not be a practical or reliable option in my opinion. Likewise, I would rather not include a header connected to every pin of the device. My goal is to expose the fewest extra pins of the device as possible, and many pins are already brought out to headers anyway in my design. My question is where would I learn more about the absolute minimum pins needed for in-circuit programming? Would you be able to point me in any direction? I have also cc'd the PICList to gain advice from other engineers as well. Thanks. John Clark Indianapolis, IN -- http://www.piclist.com hint: PICList Posts must start with ONE topic: "[PIC]:","[SX]:","[AVR]:" =uP ONLY! "[EE]:","[OT]:" =Other "[BUY]:","[AD]:" =Ads