>When does the transmission line effect become an actual concern, what = type >of data transfer, is it more of an outgoing than incoming thing, or = more of >a high speed than a low speed issue? it becomes a problem when the length of wire becomes a receiving aerial = for any R/T, taxi radio, cellphone, FM Broadcast station, Radar = transmitter, or any other source of mildly strong EMF that gets = rectified in some stray diode in your input circuitry. Normal trick is = to use some form of series resistor/capacitor on the input pin, say = 1kohm/1nF to filter any such junk. -- http://www.piclist.com hint: PICList Posts must start with ONE topic: "[PIC]:" PIC only "[EE]:" engineering "[OT]:" off topic "[AD]:" ad's