i still thnk u should keep the 1k the idea of 1k is a current limiting resistor and it is a safe way to protect both ur o/p drive to the LED and the LED itself.. alok -----Original Message----- From: David Covick [mailto:dac@WEST.NET] Sent: Sunday, May 21, 2000 4:08 PM To: PICLIST@MITVMA.MIT.EDU Subject: Re: PIC driving LED -- need series R? Mel, That depends on the max current of the LED (20 mA). It just so happens that I am doing the same thing with the 12C671 @ 3V and sequencing 20 LED's on/off with no R's for the 5 I/O's. I also do some PWM, which works very nicely from 0 to full brightness. Your pulse may be small enough as to not to allow the LED current to be exceeded. You should check the current on the LED. It may work for a while, but if you are putting it in a product I would not recommend going over the manufacturers specified limits. In answer to your question....the 1k possibly is not needed :) David ----- Original Message ----- From: Mel Evans To: Sent: Sunday, May 21, 2000 7:25 AM Subject: PIC driving LED -- need series R? > Hi, all -- > I'm using an I/O pin (GP5) on a 12C671, running on 3V, to drive a small > 20 ma LED (Digikey P8037S) in series with a 1K current-limiting resistor. > Drive pulses are 10 msec on, 500 msec off. No other I/O is happening during > the pulses. > Is the 1K resistor really necessary? It seems to work fine without it. > > -- Mel Evans mevans1027@aol.com >