Hi, Oops, For files of K bits, those files that can be mapped to a smaller files should be (1-2^(1-K))*2^K and the remaining files are 2^(1-K)*2^K. Both these number should sum to 2^K. Change 2^K to K in the earlier posting. This expression are evaluated from the series repeated here again Number of files of size one bit less that K =2^(K-1)=2^(-1)(2^K) Number of files of size two bit less that K =2^(K-2)=2^(-2)(2^K) ... and so on .... Number of files of size 1 bit =2^(K-(K-1))=2^(1-K)(2^K) The total number of files of size smaller than K bits is the sum of the series times 2^K (ie. sum of a series times the sum of all K bits files) ( 2^(-1)+ 2^(-2)+............+2^(1-K) ) * (2^K) Sum of the series is 2^(-1)( 1 - 2^((-1)(K-1)) sum of a geometric series -------------------------------- of common ratio 2^(-1) 1 - 2^(-1) which evalutes to 1-2^(1-K). Which gives us the number of all files of size smaller than K bits as (1-2^(1-K))*2^K. As for mapping one K bits file to file of size ZERO bit; well, where are you going to store this file? And how are going to share with someone? Dale King wrote in message news:<38B5A4E9.7773AACF@tce.com>... > Care to explain how you arrived at those formulas? They are obviously > wrong because for instance as k gets larger you can compress all the > files of k bits except for a miniscule fractional file that goes rapidly > to zero as k gets larger (at k=5, Excel gives me 2^k). ..............