> > My plan was to use a pnp mosfet. It said it was a logic level hexfet, but it > did not work. I tried an npn logic level mosfet and it didn't work either. Logic Level means that the switching (fully on channel) voltage on the gate is around 5 volts... often 3 volts as well ( as opposed to the 11 volts needed on a typical mosfet). This is easy to understand with an N channel.... 0 volts =off, 5 volts =on at any appropriate voltage on the drain. BUT....... a P channel logic level mosfet is off at VCC and on at VCC - 5volts.... e.g. at 12 volts vcc 12 volts on the gate will turn it off, 7 volts or less will turn it on!!!!! I usually use a low power logic level N channel mosfet from the pic, the drain of the N channel has a resistor.. say 100K from 12 volts (in this example) to the mosfet drain, this provides a 0 to 12 volts swing at is drain that I can connect onto the gate of an ordinary P channel power mosfet. _____________________________ Lance Allen Technical Officer Uni of Auckland Psych Dept New Zealand www.psych.auckland.ac.nz _____________________________