Nikolai Golovchenko wrote: > Is this the same as phase accumulators? I beg to differ from Tracy. I think it is. Phase accumulators are based on the principle of - as the name suggests - adding up little pieces of the cycle and "rolling over" when the sum of these amounts to or in fact exceeds, a full cycle. That appears to be exactly what is suggested here; you would be using a phase accumulator to control the up/ down ramp of the wave, then filtering it further in analogue circuitry. It begs the question though of using a full-blown phase accumulator/ DDS with (a number of stages of) integration. Once you go the DDS path, you are in a position to vary the slope of the waveform during the cycle, by using even a simple resistive DAC, (or perhaps PWM) which *greatly* eases the requirements on your integration/ low-pass filtering. I would think that even a 3-bit (six resistor) ADC would considerably improve performance, and perhaps allow output of both tones via the one channel (though Dave Van Horn's "twist" would still be a difficulty). -- Cheers, Paul B. (away from home for a day or so!).