> > Opto couplers are cheap and simple. It's highly unlikely that the LEDs > > will light except when driven by the switch closures. > > Oh yeah? I have heard of just this happening in an Automotive > environment (big long truck actually). The trick is to put zeners in > series with the optocouplers so they need a signifcant current AND > a significant voltage before they light up. Have seen this in other > commercial equipment too where a certain amount of induced EMF > is practically unavoidable. Hope this helps. > > Brent Brown With some serious bypass caps, 10nF are useless, even 100n dont cut the grade in this sort of environment, I prefer 470nF.Beware electrolytic caps above this value that are not low ESR. I have seen LEDs actually flashing from induced noise with motorized gates limit switch contacts running next to the power wires. That problem was fixed with the afore mentioned caps AND a 470 ohm resistor across incoming pair .... brutal but effective. Power Distribution and Radio Comms are youre biggest problems in this environment as far as noise goes. _____________________________ Lance Allen Technical Officer Uni of Auckland Psych Dept New Zealand www.psych.auckland.ac.nz _____________________________