Hi, I really laughed a lot, but thinking on a few questions came to my mind. >Telephone used an earth ground for the return current. How could this happen? Was one of the wires accidentally tied to the earth ground? >The earth ground was the usual metallic stake in the ground in the yard. >The ground was normally dry. >Her dog was chained to the ground post with a metal chain. >When the phone range, it would complete the circuit to ground (90 volts or >thereabouts ring voltage) via the dog In the normal dry situation why did the circuit complete via the dog? Why was the resistance between the dog's paw and the soil smaller than between the stake and the soil? Regards, Laszlo Cser s7222cse@ural2.hszk.bme.hu Please answer in a private mail.