> > If your stepper isn't moving very fast, and you aren't grossly overloading the stepper so it misses steps or slips, you > should be able to just use the stepper by itself. > The whole POINT of a stepper motor is, it moves a set amount each > phase change. This is known as feed-forward where, given no errors, the actuator will proceed to a known position/state, fine in some applications, unacceptable in others. This can be controlled by feed-back. The question is... how much feedback is needed. As stated ... a simple switch or photo-interupter could be used to locate the device on power - up, e.g. a wheel turns until the switch is closed, the wheel is now in a known position and the feed-forward characteristics can now be employed. One can now add more and more known position switches e.g. 0deg, 90deg, 180deg until a suitable control for your application is reached. We have found that in rugged environments.. steppers lose their way for lots of reasons.. not just overloading. Shock can halt a step, power glitch, foreign body jamming mechanism etc. _____________________________ Lance Allen Technical Officer Uni of Auckland Psych Dept New Zealand _____________________________