> Since pretty much ALL devices that plug into a parallel port > just have to exchange bytes of data back and forth, WHY do we > have to keep adding drivers? Windoze otta have a generic driver > for EPP that we can just call. Maybe it's because of the extremely wide variety of devices that companies interface via the parallel port. Would you want to support a basic driver that's used for 10,000 different types of devices, most of which should never have been designed to be attached to a parallel port? I wouldn't. If you're not trying to do any critical timing, you can probably do fine at ring 3 (DLL with in-line assembly doing in's and out's or calls to _inp() or _outp()). Also, if you don't mind getting interrupted, you'll be OK at ring 3. If timing is critical (say you need to monitor a pin closely or clock data in/out serially) you need to write a VxD. I highly recommend VToolsD from Vireo Software - gets you up and running quick. I just finished writing one which uses pins on the parallel port for doing in-circuit serial programming of Scenix SX chips. Steve Harter Mind's Eye Software Merrimack, NH sharter@mindseye.mv.com