A few days back I made the assertion that the windings in a unipolar motor were made in one direction to the centre-tap and then in the opposite direction for the rest of the winding and therefore, using the whole winding in a bipolar fashion would result in flux cancellation. This is incorrect. The winding continues in the same direction making one appear reversed when viewed from the centre-tap (as it is used in a unipolar drive). Sorry if I added any further confusion with my brain fart. Steve. ====================================================== Steve Baldwin Electronic Product Design TLA Microsystems Ltd Microcontroller Specialists PO Box 15-680, New Lynn http://www.tla.co.nz Auckland, New Zealand ph +64 9 820-2221 email: steveb@tla.co.nz fax +64 9 820-1929 ======================================================