Mark Willis wrote: > B4 (I assume RB4 from my 16C622 time) is shown directly connected to a > relay, RLY1; Just use the substrate protection diodes for de-spiking, > huh? Not necessarily. You are presuming the relay is switched off by TRIS. If OTOH, it is turned off by writing 0 to the port bit, it is the N- channel output device which cops the current and presumably can cope with it. > No provision for ... draining charged capacitors, which would be > nice safety-wise. The inductor would probably cope, given the 1µF limit, unless perhaps they had a hundred volts or so on them. > The Voltage Regulator has power in on the right, output on the left > (Well, yes, it's just non-standard, Standard? Where? > I deal with newbies & teach 'em that inputs are on the LEFT and > outputs on the RIGHT, so I'm picky ) > Mark the really finnicky Really. -- Cheers, Paul B.