Thanks to all those who gave suggestions. Timothy Gray wrote: >I used to make a tip31 have more gain by driving it with a 2n2222 a little >more circutry but cheaper than the hi-gain hi-power transistors. Just a >thought, Thanks Timothy, but a darlington configuration has both too high a saturation voltage as well as too high Vbe turn on voltage for my application. Thanks for the suggestion, though. Tom McGahee wrote: >Have you considered using a Direct Coupled Compound (DCC) arrangement? This >has the gain advantage of a Darlington, but has only one forward >diode drop (Vbe drop). Thanks Tom. Yes, I had considered a compound transistor (thats what we call them here) but the saturation voltage was higher than I liked. Great suggestion though. I guess that I should mention what this is for. I'm trying to come up with a low dropout series pass device for a gell cell charger. My current designs use LM317 regulators as pass devices - these dropout at about 2.5V. They work great for line powered chargers (I've built LOTS of them) but are a problem when the charging supply comes down a very long data cable (part of my Pyro control system). Every volt of dropout that I eliminate adds several hundred feet of cable. The newest design has a pass transistor driven by a LM10. The whole thing vaguely emulates a LM317, except that the reference voltage is 0.2V instead of 1.2V. It would take a total redesign to use mosfets (I've been considering them, though). Thanks for all the suggestions. dwayne Dwayne Reid Trinity Electronics Systems Ltd Edmonton, AB, CANADA (403) 489-3199 voice (403) 487-6397 fax